Top 50 Power BI Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers in 2023
Here are 50 basic interview questions for a Power BI position:
Q1. What is Power BI?
Answer: Power BI is a
business analytics tool by Microsoft that provides interactive visualizations
and business intelligence capabilities with an interface simple enough for end
users to create their own reports and dashboards.
Q2. What are the components of Power BI?
Answer: Power BI has
three main components - Power BI Desktop, Power BI Service (also known as Power
BI Online or Power BI Cloud), and Power BI Mobile.
Q3. What is Power BI Desktop used for?
Answer: Power BI Desktop
is used to create and publish reports and dashboards with advanced data modeling
capabilities and support for custom visuals.
Q4. What is Power BI Service used for?
Answer: Power BI Service is used to share and collaborate on
reports and dashboards created with Power BI Desktop, as well as to schedule
data refreshes and manage security.
Q5. What is the difference between Power BI Desktop and
Power BI Service?
Answer: Power BI Desktop is a standalone tool used to create
reports and dashboards, while Power BI Service is a cloud-based platform used
to share and collaborate on those reports and dashboards.
Q6. What are the data sources that Power BI supports?
Answer: Power BI supports a wide range of data sources,
including Excel spreadsheets, CSV files, SQL Server, Oracle, Azure SQL
Database, and many others.
Q7. How can you import data into Power BI?
Answer: Data can be imported into Power BI using the Get
Data feature, which allows you to connect to a variety of data sources and load
data into the Power BI model.
Q8. What is DAX?
Answer: DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) is a formula used in Power BI to create custom calculations and aggregations.
Q9. What is a Power BI Gateway?
Answer: A Power BI Gateway is a tool that allows Power BI
Service to access data sources that are located behind a firewall, such as an
on-premises SQL Server database.
Q10. What is a Power BI Report?
Answer: A Power BI Report is a collection of visualizations,
tables, charts, and other elements that are created in Power BI Desktop and
shared through Power BI Service.
Q.11 What is a Power BI Dashboard?
Answer: A Power BI Dashboard is a visual display of the most
important data and insights of a business. Dashboards are created in Power BI
Service and can be shared with others.
Q12. What is a slicer in Power BI?
Answer: A slicer in Power BI is a visual element that allows
you to filter data in a report or dashboard by selecting values from a list.
Q13. What is a measure in Power BI?
Answer: A measure in Power BI is a calculation that is used
to aggregate or summarize data, such as calculating the total sales for a
product.
Q14. What is a hierarchy in Power BI?
Answer: A hierarchy in Power BI is a way of organizing data
by creating a structure of related fields, such as creating a hierarchy of
product categories and subcategories.
Q15. What is a calculated column in Power BI?
Answer: A calculated column in Power BI is a column that is
created in the data model by using a DAX formula to calculate a new value based
on the values in other columns.
Q16. What is Power Query in Power BI?
Answer: Power Query is a data transformation and cleansing
tool in Power BI that allows you to reshape and clean data from a variety of
sources.
Q17. What is a dashboard in Power BI?
Answer: A dashboard in Power BI is a single page that
provides a consolidated view of data from multiple sources, with interactive visualizations
and real-time data updates.
Q18. What is a report in Power BI?
Answer: A report in Power BI is a collection of
visualizations and charts that provide a detailed view of data from various
sources.
Q19. What is the difference between a dashboard and a
report in Power BI?
Answer: A dashboard in Power BI provides a high-level
summary of data, while a report provides a detailed view of data.
Q20. What is a visual in Power BI?
Answer: A visual in Power BI is a single element of a report
or dashboard that represents data in a visual form, such as a chart, table, or
map.
Q21. What is a drill-through in Power BI?
Answer: A drill-through in Power BI is a feature that allows
users to click on a visual element in a report or dashboard to navigate to a
more detailed view of the data.
Q.22. What is a drill-down in Power BI?
Answer: A drill-down in Power BI is a feature that allows
users to view data at a more granular level by clicking on a visual element.
Q23. What is a filter in Power BI?
Answer: A filter in Power BI is used to narrow down the data
displayed in a report or dashboard based on specific criteria.
Q24. What is a data source in Power BI?
Answer: A data source in Power BI is the location where data
is stored, such as a file, database, or cloud service.
Q25. What is a data model in Power BI?
Answer: A data model in Power BI is a collection of tables
and relationships used to build reports and dashboards.
Q26. What is the difference between a calculated column
and a measure in Power BI?
Answer: A calculated column is created from a formula that
calculates values for each row in a table, while a measure is a calculated
field that aggregates data in a specific way.
Q27. What is a gateway in Power BI?
Answer: A gateway in Power BI is a tool that allows for
secure data transfer between on-premises data sources and the cloud-based Power
BI service. It acts as a bridge between the two environments and enables the
creation of reports and dashboards that use data from on-premises sources.
Q28. What is Power Query used for?
Answer: Power Query is used to extract, transform, and load
data from various sources.
Q29. What is Power Pivot used for?
Answer: Power Pivot is used to create data models and
perform calculations using DAX formulas.
Q30. What is Power View used for?
Answer: Power View is used to create interactive
visualizations such as charts, tables, and maps.
Q31. What is Power Map used for?
Answer: Power Map is used to create 3D geographic
visualizations.
Q32. What is DAX, and how is it used in Power BI?
Answer: DAX stands for Data Analysis Expressions, and it is used to create formulas and calculations in Power BI. DAX formulas are used to perform complex calculations and manipulate data.
Q33. What are some common data sources that can be used with Power BI?
Answer: Some common data sources include Excel spreadsheets,
SQL Server databases, and cloud-based data sources such as Azure and
Salesforce.
Q34. What is a dataset in Power BI?
Answer: A dataset is a collection of data used in Power BI.
It can be used to create reports, dashboards, and data visualizations.
Q35. What is a report in Power BI?
Answer: A report is a collection of visualizations and data
that provides insights into a specific area of interest.
Q36. What is a dashboard in Power BI?
Answer: A dashboard is a collection of visualizations and
reports that provide a high-level view of key performance indicators (KPIs).
Q37. How can you share reports and dashboards in Power BI?
Answer: Reports and dashboards can be shared via email,
Power BI service, or through embedding in other applications.
Q38. What is the Power BI service?
Answer: The Power BI service is a cloud-based service that
allows users to view and share reports and dashboards created in Power BI.
Q39. What is the Power BI Desktop?
Answer: The Power BI Desktop is a Windows application used
to create and design reports and dashboards.
Q40. How can you connect to data sources in Power BI?
Answer: You can connect to data sources in Power BI by
importing data from a file or database, connecting to a cloud-based data
source, or using DirectQuery to connect to a data source in real time.
Q41. What is the Query Editor in Power BI?
Answer: The Query Editor is a tool used to clean and
transform data before it is loaded into a dataset.
Q42. What is a drill-down in Power BI?
Answer: A drill-down in Power BI is a feature that allows you to view data at different levels of detail, such as going from monthly sales to daily sales.
Q43.What are some of the ways you can transform data in Power BI?
Answer: Power BI includes a tool called Power Query, which allows users to transform and clean their data in a variety of ways. Some of the ways you can transform data in Power Query include merging and splitting columns, filtering and sorting data, pivoting and unpivoting data, and aggregating data.
Q44. How do you create visualizations in Power BI?
Answer: To create visualizations in Power BI, you can drag and drop fields onto the canvas in the Visualizations pane. You can then choose from a variety of chart types, such as bar charts, line charts, and scatter plots, and customize the appearance of your visualization using the formatting options in the Visualizations pane.
Q45. What is DAX, and how is it used in Power BI?
Answer: DAX stands for Data Analysis Expressions, and it is a formula language used in Power BI to create custom calculations and measures. DAX functions are used to summarize, analyze, and manipulate data in Power BI. Some common DAX functions include SUM, AVERAGE, and COUNT.
Q46. What are some best practices for creating effective Power BI reports and dashboards?
Answer: Some best practices for creating effective Power BI reports and dashboards include keeping your visuals simple and easy to understand, using appropriate chart types for your data, making sure your visuals are properly labeled, and using consistent colors and fonts throughout your report. It is also important to design your report for your audience and make sure your data is accurate and up-to-date.
Q47. How do you share Power BI reports and dashboards with others?
Answer: Power BI offers several options for sharing reports and dashboards with others. You can publish your report to the Power BI service and share it with other Power BI users, embed it in a website or SharePoint site, or export it to a PDF or PowerPoint file.
Q48. How do you secure data in Power BI?
Answer: Power BI offers several options for securing your data, including role-based security, row-level security, and data-level security. Role-based security allows you to control access to your report or dashboard based on a user's role, while row-level security allows you to restrict access to specific rows of data. Data-level security allows you to filter data based on a user's identity.
Q49.What is Power BI Premium, and how does it differ from the free version of Power BI?
Answer: Power BI Premium is a paid version of Power BI that provides additional features and capabilities, such as the ability to share reports and dashboards with external users and to use larger data sets. It also includes dedicated capacity for faster performance and greater reliability.
Q50.Can you give an example of a complex report or dashboard you have created in Power BI?
Answer: "In my previous role, I created a complex dashboard for a financial services company that allowed them to track key performance indicators across multiple departments and business units. The dashboard included a range of visualizations, such as gauges, heat maps, and tables, and used a combination of DAX calculations and custom visuals to present the data in a meaningful way. The dashboard was well-received by the company's leadership team and helped them make data-driven decisions more quickly."
Now, you have come to an end to this tutorial on “Top 50 Power BI Interview Questions and Answers for 2023”.
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